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expanding the database is not as fatal as changing the intent
database because changing the database extension is not too difficult
return; in the event of an accident, while changing the same size to
database intent can cause a large number of database errors
(inconsistencies and data loss).
External view (level, diagram or model):
This level is explicitly the end-user level and presents data as required
database users. As is known, database users are classified by
two reasons
o Section of the organization
o The nature of the users’ work
The external database tier meets the needs of all database users
starting with a user who can only view data that pertains to them
users who can see all the data in the database and perform all types of actions
the data.
The external database tier can contain a large number of user views, each one of them
user view providing the required functions and meeting the requirements for the user or
the user group for which it is intended. Restriction or freedom of a user or group of users
get into his rights is an external view of this group of users and is decided very
carefully.
External views are also useful when we want to display data that isn’t there
place in the database or are not saved at all. An example of the first case could be a
the customer’s phone number stored in the database. But when in contact with a person
it may appear that the area code for a particular user is not stored in the
database, in that case we can simply pick up the customer’s area or city id
and find the area code for that city in the corresponding area code table.
A different situation can arise when we want to let a student enroll in an
institution and want to make sure that the student is eligible for the minimum
the required age limit, we will look in the database, for the age of students, but if we have
